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初中英語重難點！主謂一致考點全面解析

日期：2023-09-06 10:02 點擊：

主謂一致是指主語和謂語必須保持人稱和數的變化一致，即句中謂語的變化形式由句子主語的人稱和數的形式決定。主謂一致通常遵循三個原則：語法一致、意義一致和就近一致原則。今天小編跟大家分享的是主謂一致考點全面解析，開學必背。

語法一致

語法一致是指主語的單復數決定謂語動詞的單復數。

考點一：一般情況下，主語為單數可數名詞或代詞、不可數名詞時，謂語動詞用單數形式；主語為復數可數名詞或代詞時，謂語動詞用復數形式。

考點二：動詞不定式或動詞-ing形式作主語時，謂語動詞用單數形式。

【考例鏈接】

( )1. The twins ______ fond of the new idea in the magazine article.

A. be B. am

C. is D. are

( )2. One of my friends ______ moved to America. I miss her so much.

A. has B. have C. are

( )3. Playing computer games too much ______ bad for students’ health .

A. am B. is C. are

考點三：

1. 復合不定代詞anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing作主語時，謂語動詞用單數形式。

2. neither of ... / none of ... 作主語時，謂語動詞用單、復數形式均可。

3. either指“兩者之中任何一個”，作主語時，謂語動詞用單數形式。either of ... 作主語時，謂語動詞用單、復數形式均可。

4. each作同位語時，謂語動詞的單、復數形式取決于主語的數；each of ... 作主語時，謂語動詞用單數形式。

考點四：當用both ... and ... 連接并列主語時，謂語動詞常用復數形式。當and連接的兩個名詞表示兩個不同的概念時，謂語動詞用復數形式；當表示同一人、同一物或同一個概念，或表示不可分的整體時，謂語動詞仍用單數形式。

考點五：當主語后面跟有with, except, including, along with, together with, as well as, in addition to等詞語引導的短語時，謂語動詞的單、復數形式由主語的單、復數形式決定。

【考例鏈接】

( ) 1. We each ______ WeChat nowadays, even the old people.

A. play B. plays C. playing

( )2. —What would you like, coffee or tea?

—Either ______ OK. I don’t mind.

A. is B. are C. was

( )3. My sister with my parents ______ dumplings when I got home yesterday evening.

A. are making B. is making

C. was making D. were making

考點六：一些由兩部分構成的表示物體的名詞作主語時，謂語動詞通常用復數形式，如shoes, trousers, jeans, scissors, chopsticks等。但如果這些名詞前有量詞如pair等修飾時，謂語動詞的數與量詞保持一致。

【考例鏈接】

( ) The pair of trousers ______ me. I’ll take it.

A. fit B. fits C. will fit

考點七：

1. “a (large / small) number of + 復數可數名詞 / 代詞”作主語時，謂語動詞用復數形式；“the number of + 復數可數名詞 / 代詞”作主語時，謂語動詞用單數形式。

2. “分數 / 百分數+ of + 名詞”和“the rest / most of +名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞的數由名詞決定。

【考例鏈接】

( )1. In our city there ______ a number of cars and the number of them ______ growing larger and larger.

A. are; is B. have; is C. is; are

( )2. About ______ of the land ______ covered with trees and grass.

A. three fifths; is

B. three fifths; are

C. three fifth; are

( )3. The number of the volunteers in our city ______ 2,000. And sixty percent of them ______ teachers and students.

A. is; is B. is; are

C. are; is D. are; are

意義一致

意義一致是指謂語動詞和主語的一致不是取決于主語的語法形式，而是由其意義所決定。

考點一：當數詞作主語或當表示距離、金額、時間等名詞(短語)作主語時，通常作為整體看待，謂語動詞用單數形式。

【考例鏈接】

( )1. Fifty yuan ______ enough.

A. is B. am C. are

( )2. —Mom, I watched TV for only forty minutes. Sometimes ______ TV is good for us.

—Forty minutes ______ enough. Now you must do your homework.

A. watch; is

B. watching; was

C. watched; are

D. watching; were

考點二：有些集體名詞常指復數的人或物，謂語動詞用復數形式，如police；有些集體名詞作主語時，如果作為一個整體看待，謂語動詞用單數形式；如果指集體中的成員，謂語動詞用復數形式，如family, class, team, group, crowd等；當population意為“人口數量”時，謂語動詞用單數形式；意為“全體居民”時，謂語動詞用單、復數形式均可。

【考例鏈接】

( )1. The population of China ______ over 1.3 billion and China has bigger population than ______ in the world.

A. is; any country

B. is; any other country

C. are; the other countries

D. are; any other countries

( )2. Look! The police ______ the food onto the bank of the river.

A. am carrying B. is carrying

C. are carrying D. are carried

考點三：以-s結尾的單數名詞如news, physics, maths, politics等作主語時，謂語動詞用單數形式。

【考例鏈接】

( )—Politics ______ my favorite subject. What about you?

—Physics ______. I think it’s very interesting.

A. is; is B. are; are C. are；is

考點四：

1. “the + 形容詞”表示一類人作主語時，謂語動詞常用復數形式。這類詞有the brave, the poor, the rich, the blind, the young, the old, the sick, the dead等。

2. “the + 姓氏的復數形式”表示某一家人或夫婦兩人，其作主語時，謂語動詞用復數形式。

【考例鏈接】

( )1. The old ______ our help, so we should care for them.

A. refuses B. refuse

C. needs D. need

( )2. The Greens ______ a TV show now.

A. is watching B. are watching

C. watch D. watches

考點五：定語從句中謂語動詞的單復數取決于其先行詞的單復數。

【考例鏈接】

( )—I really want to relax myself. Could we see City Danger tonight?

—Sure! The actor ______ a hero used to be a schoolteacher. I like him very much.

A. who play B. which plays

C. who plays D. that play

就近一致

就近一致是指謂語動詞的數要與其最近的主語在人稱和數上保持一致。

考點一：以or, not only ... but also ..., either ... or ..., neither ... nor ... 等連接的名詞(或代詞)作主語時，謂語動詞要和離它最近的主語在人稱和數上保持一致。

【考例鏈接】

( )1. Not only you but also everyone here ______ watching football matches.

A. likes B. like C. is like

( )2. Neither Li Hua nor I ______ good at writing.

A. am B. is C. are

( )3. —What would you like to have for supper?

—Either noodles or rice ______ OK. I don’t mind.

A. are B. were C. is D. was

考點二：在there be 句型中，如果有兩個或兩個以上的主語時，主語與謂語的一致通常遵循就近一致原則。

【考例鏈接】

( )1. There ______ a pencil and some pens in the box.

A. is B. are C. aren’t

( )2. Don’t worry. There ______ enough water, vegetables and fruits in the fridge.

A. have B. are C. is

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